Random Musings: Fighting for justice with the Gotham Knights

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In Gotham City, three kids, Duela (Olivia Rose Keegan) and siblings Harper and Cullen Row (Fallon Smythe and Tyler DiChiara) — the children of some of Batman’s enemies — are hired to break into Wayne Tower and steal something from Bruce Wayne’s safe, but it’s a set-up so they’ll be blamed for his death (the circumstances of which also reveal that he was Batman). Wayne’s adopted son, Turner Hayes (Oscar Morgan), is set up to appear to have hired them and paid them the $100,000 for the job.

The prevailing theory is that his motive was Wayne’s decision to change his will.

With help from one of Turner’s classmates at Gotham Academy, Carrie Kelley (Navia Robinson), who reveals that she’d been working as Batman’s partner — Robin — they escape police custody.

They’re also assisted by his best friend and fellow classmate, Stephanie Brown (Anna Lore), a hacker and coder who uses her skills to help the others prove their innocence.

Duela realizes, based on the image of an owl on the back of a watch Cullen took from a dirty cop during their escape, that the Court of Owls — which has allegedly controlled Gotham City from behind the scenes for more than a century — is responsible for both Wayne’s murder and the frame up.

Turner recognizes the owl image from a coin District Attorney Harvey Dent (Misha Collins) — one of Bruce Wayne’s closest friends — had showed him (sixth century Athenian, according to Dent) that had been discovered near Wayne’s body.

The young fugitives realize that in order to clear themselves, they not only have to prove that the Court of Owls actually exists (it’s considered a Gotham City fairy tale), but also murdered Bruce Wayne.

Cullen, Duela and Harper look down on Batman’s dead body.

They also have to avoid the cops (and anyone seeking the hefty award for their capture), as well as the Court’s assassin, “the Talon.”

For his part, Dent heads up the investigation into Wayne’s death and the search for his alleged killers. He comes to believe both that the Court is real and that youngsters are innocent, but belief is far from proof.

That is the basic premise of Gotham Knights, which ran for one season on the CW and which aired its series finale last week.

I enjoyed this show and hope that it somehow gets a second life on another network. It had a lot of potential.

Apparently one of the things that worked against it was the release of a video game of the same name last year, one that involved costumed characters from the Batman mythos, creating certain expectations about the TV show. The series didn’t involve costumed superheroes.

But maybe it would have in future seasons.

One reason I hope Gotham Knights gets a second season (however unlikely that is) is that by virtue of not being a traditional superhero show, it could go in any number of directions.

For example, my thoughts while watching the first episode were that Turner Hayes and company would presumably clear their names at some point. But then what? Bruce Wayne’s identity as Batman is now public knowledge, so even if he were so inclined, what would be the point of his adopted son adopting the mantle?

But then I thought what if they weren’t able to clear their names because the Court of Owls is too deeply entrenched in every aspect of Gotham society? It would have been interesting to see Gotham Knights take on a Blake’s 7 vibe where these “criminals” work to take down the corrupt Federat — er, the Court of Owls that controls Gotham.

The character of Turner Hayes was created for the show. Presumably, the writers and producers didn’t have the rights to the characters of Dick Grayson, Jason Todd or Tim Drake (or even Bruce Wayne’s biological son, Damien) and/or they figured that a new character gave them a blank slate to work with.

Turner — who discovers the Batcave along with Stephanie in the first episode — didn’t know his adopted father was Batman. He doesn’t understand why Wayne didn’t tell him.

Turner and Stephanie discover the Batcave.

Carrie, who’d once saved Batman’s life — which led to her becoming Robin — said he didn’t want Turner to “follow down that path.”

“You both lost so much,” she says. “He was impressed that you never gave in to the darkness like he did. Your father may have been a hero to all of Gotham, but he always used to tell me that his hero was you.”

On top of discovering that his adopted father kept secret that he was Batman, being falsely accused of his murder and having to live as a fugitive, Turner also has to contend with the apparent fact that the world’s greatest detective couldn’t (or didn’t want to) solve the mystery of his biological parents’ murders.

Duela is the only one of the three young criminals I recognize. As originally presented in the comics decades ago, she was briefly a member of the Teen Titans (as the Harlequin, not to be confused with the later character of Harley Quinn) and claimed at various times to be both Two-Face’s daughter (calling herself Duela Dent) and the Joker’s daughter. She identifies as the latter in the TV series and was born in Arkham Asylum (where she heard “bedtime stories” about the Court of Owls).

Duela in custody.

In the comics, Harper Row is a vigilante known as Bluebird. I’m not familiar with her adventures in the comics. In both the comics and the series, she is protective of her transgender brother, whom she’d shielded from their abusive father.

In the series, Harper, an engineer, earned straight A’s, but dropped out seven months before graduation to protect Cullen.

In Gotham Knights, at least, Cullen Row bristles against his sister’s over-protectiveness. At one point in the series, ready to fight his own battles and insisting he not need Harper’s protection, he makes the risky move of impersonating a cop to infiltrate the GCPD and get the century-old cold case file about the death of one of Bruce Wayne’s ancestors (allegedly at the hands of the Court of Owls) because the file might lead to a clue as to why Wayne was killed.

Cullen adopts this fake cop identity again from time to time as needed.

Cullen’s cop disguise.

He’s also a talented artist and at one point crafts fake Court of Owl masks that Turner and Duela use to infiltrate a Court gathering.

Carrie Kelley first appeared in the 1986 four-issue miniseries Batman: The Dark Knight (later retitled The Dark Knight Returns), in which an older Batman comes out of retirement.

In the series, Carrie’s mother, Dr. Lisa Kelley (Angela Davis) is a physician at Gotham General Hospital, who isn’t thrilled to learn about her daughter’s involvement with these “criminals.”

She reconsiders her stance when she sees Carrie in action, saving lives.

Carrie Kelley as Robin.

In the comics, Stephanie Brown was introduced as “The Spoiler”, who worked to spoil the plans of her criminal father, the Cluemaster. Later, she would adopt the roles of both Batgirl and Robin.

There’s no indication in the series that her father, Arthur (Ethan Embry), who hosts a popular clue-oriented game show, is a criminal, but he has been illegally obtaining prescription drugs to feed his wife’s (Sunny Mabrey) habit. Both try to pressure Stephanie to look the other way.

As for Harvey Dent— who is not yet Two-Face — even as he investigates the murder of Bruce Wayne, he finds himself dealing with instances of blacking out and losing time. Worse, certain circumstantial evidence in his possession suggests he may have been responsible for the murder of Mayor Hamilton Hill (Randall Newsome), who had been an underling of the Court and Dent’s rival in the upcoming mayoral election.

The story of how and why Harvey Dent (originally Harvey Kent, but I guess DC didn’t want two characters with that last name) became Two-Face has varied over the years, but in most versions a criminal named Boss Maroni throws acid at him in court, scarring the left half of his face, as a result of Batman’s damning testimony.

Harvey Dent.

Originally, this sent Dent (nicknamed “Apollo” for his good looks) over the edge and he became Two-Face, using Maroni’s two-headed silver dollar, one side of which was scarred in the attack, to decide whether to carry out a crime.

Later iterations of his origin would establish that Dent has Dissociative Identity Disorder (he uses the term “identity dismorphia” in the series) and in some versions, (including the Dark Knight (2008)), the coin was his own.

Since Batman is dead in Gotham Knights (and it would stretch credulity to have a masked vigilante testify in open court if he weren’t), I wondered as the season unfolded if Dent would actually become Two-Face.

He does, but I can’t help but wonder whether this would have happened so soon and under the same circumstances if the show had been renewed. Keeping it vague to avoid spoilers, I’ll just say that In order to save a certain person’s life, Dent willingly releases his alter-ego (figuring he can find a way out of their predicament that Harvey cannot). One thing leads to another, Harvey’s alter-ego fights with a certain someone and that person throws acid in his face.

Two-Face

In the end, the Court of Owls suffers a major setback, but so do the young fugitives, having endured losses of their own. But they’re determined to carry on as the “Gotham Knights.”

And Two-Face, once Gotham’s “white knight”, District Attorney Harvey Dent, is out there somewhere, using a Court of Owls coin that ironically saved his life when he was shot to determine the fate of those who cross his path.

Gotham Knights still has lots of untapped potential. It’s worth a watch on the CW streaming service or on DVD.

Copyright 2023 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: At the utterance of a single word: A look back at the original Captain Marvel

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Whiz Comics #2

In 1940, Fawcett Comics introduced one of the most popular superheroes of the era— the original Captain Marvel.

Next month, Warner Bros will release a film about Captain Marvel, except both the film and the character are called Shazam, while on Friday Marvel Studios will release a film called Captain Marvel about a woman who has no connection to the Fawcett Comics character.

So, who is the Fawcett Comics Captain Marvel, how did he come to be associated with DC Comics and why does Marvel Comics also have a character (several characters, actually) with that name?

As related in Whiz Comics #2 (Feb. 1940), a young orphaned newsboy named Billy Batson is brought by a mysterious stranger before a 3,000-year-old Wizard named Shazam who makes Billy his successor. By uttering the wizard’s name, Billy becomes Captain Marvel and is endowed with the wisdom of Solomon, the strength of Hercules, the stamina of Atlas, the power of Zeus, the courage of Achilles and the speed of Mercury.

Captain Marvel, initially intended to be called Captain Thunder, was created by writer Bill Parker and artist C.C. Beck. The character proved to be an immediate hit and was the subject of a 12-chapter 1941 serial titled The Adventures of Captain Marvel. It was the first serial to focus on a superhero.

Adventures of Captain Marvel

That same year, the company now known as DC Comics filed a copyright infringement against Fawcett Comics claiming Captain Marvel was too similar to Superman. In some respects, it should have been the other way around. Captain Marvel was flying from day one. Supes was leaping an 1/8 of a mile to get around in his early years.

At any rate, the case dragged on and was finally settled in 1953, with Fawcett agreeing to stop publishing. This was probably due as much to the decline in sales of comics in general as it was the result of the lawsuit. Either way, it seemed that Captain Marvel’s day was done.

In an ironic twist, DC Comics would license the rights to the character and revive him in 1973. He would star in a 35-issue title called Shazam, initially illustrated by C.C. Beck. That title ran until 1978.

Shazam #1

It’s ironic that Superman is re-introducing comics readers to the character.

But why was the book called Shazam instead of Captain Marvel? Because Fawcett Comics neglected to renew the trademark, which Marvel Comics secured (for obvious reasons) several years earlier. That name has been used by several characters in the Marvel universe, starting with a Kree warrior named Mar-Vell. At one point, he became trapped in the Negative Zone and could only return to our universe by exchanging places with Rick Jones via the use of “Nega-Bands.”

Rick Jones and Mar-Vell trade places

Rick Jones and Mar-Vell trade places.

Which isn’t much different than Billy Batson or Captain Marvel saying “Shazam” to change into one another.

The most recent Marvel Comics character to hold the title is Carol Danvers. She’s the focus of the Captain Marvel movie opening on Friday. I’m looking forward to seeing that movie later this month with some friends, but, for now, I’m going to keep my focus on the original.

For the record, it wasn’t always clear whether Billy Batson, who worked as a radio reporter for station WHIZ, and Captain Marvel were two separate people or whether Captain Marvel was essentially a super-powered Billy as an adult.

Captain Marvel was not only a mainstay in Whiz Comics, which ran for 155 issues, but also starred in Captain Marvel Adventures, which ran for 150 issues.

He soon became the head of a “Marvel family” that included Billy’s sister Mary, who was originally known as Mary Marvel, and Freddy Freeman, AKA Captain Marvel, Jr.

Marvel Family

Freddy actually turned up before Mary did, making his debut in Whiz Comics #25 in 1941. Mary first appeared in Captain Marvel Adventures #18 in 1942.

Mary transforms by saying “Shazam”, while Freddy does by saying “Captain Marvel.”

That’s right, Captain Marvel, Jr. can’t say his own name.

Especially in his Fawcett days, many of Captain Marvel’s adventures had a whimsical element to them. Take one sequence in the “Monster Society of Evil” storyline that ran in Captain Marvel Adventures #s 22-46 from 1942-1944. The overall storyline pit Captain Marvel against a horde of villains led by the mysterious Mr. Mind.

Mr. Mind, we later learn, is a worm (literally). In the sequence in question, he attempts to prevent Captain Marvel from saving Russia (a wartime ally, don’t forget) by tickling him.

Mr mind tickles Captain Marvel

Mr. Mind tickles Captain Marvel.

Mr. Mind was one of many villains Captain Marvel faced. The first, and perhaps most persistent, was Dr. Thaddeus Bodog Sivana, a mad scientist who plotted to rule the universe and referred to Captain Marvel as “The Big Red Cheese.”

He also knew Billy Batson transformed into Captain Marvel.

Another was Black Adam, who had been the wizard’s chosen champion millennia ago in Egypt, before he turned evil. In more recent years, Black Adam has been depicted in various DC titles as a more complex anti-hero.

Among Captain Marvel’s allies was Mr. Tawny, a debonair, civilized tiger who wants to live in the city instead of the jungle.

Mr Tawny

I mentioned that DC published a title called Shazam from 1973 to 1978. During that time, Captain Marvel would star in a Saturday morning TV series called Shazam, which would run from 1974-1977. That series was my introduction to the character.

In the comics, Captain Marvel would go on to make occasional subsequent appearances over the years, including as a member of the Justice League in the late 80s.

His longest post-Fawcett solo series, The Power of Shazam, ran for 47 issues starting in 1995. The series, which was set in Fawcett City and incorporated elements and characters from Fawcett Comics, as well as from the 1941 serial, followed on from the 1994 Power of Shazam graphic novel.

During the run of The Power of Shazam, the series with which I’m most familiar, Mary decided that she had just as much right to the name as her brother and also called herself Captain Marvel.

As for Freddy Freeman, he decided to go by “CM3.” At least he could now introduce himself.

Speaking of which, as of its “New 52” reboot, DC has taken to calling Billy Batson’s superhero persona “Shazam”, even though he’d been called “Captain Marvel” within the pages of the various comics in which he’d appeared. But doesn’t that mean he can’t introduce himself?

Apparently not. Seems Billy must say the word under the right conditions.

New 52 Shazam

The New 52 Shazam.

So, I guess he can introduce himself as “Shazam” and not trigger the transformation, but what if he’s in a noisy, crowded room?

“I said ‘I’m Batman!’ What’s your name?”

“Shazam!”

BOOM!

“Hey, who let this kid in here?”

While The Power of Shazam is the longest-running series featuring Captain Marvel since his Fawcett days, he has appeared in several limited series. I especially enjoyed Shazam— The Monster Society of Evil, a four-issue 2007 series written and drawn by Jeff Smith, the creator of Bone. That miniseries, inspired by the original “Monster Society of Evil” storyline, has much of the whimsy of the Fawcett books.

In that miniseries, Captain Marvel is an adult, as per usual, but Mary Marvel remains a child.

Mary Marvel

Mary Marvel flies circles around her brother.

It’ll be interesting to see how the upcoming movie Shazam portrays the character. From the trailers it seems clear that the filmmakers see Captain Mar- that is, Shazam as a kid in an adult’s body, but what sort of story will the film tell? Hopefully, a fun one.

As to the “Big Red Cheese” himself, his adventures have been assembled in various collections, including Shazam! From the Forties to the Seventies; The Shazam Archives; The Shazam Family Archives; Showcase Presents Shazam and Shazam! A celebration of 75 Years.

The storyline “Captain Marvel Battles the Plot Against the Universe”, which ran in Captain Marvel Adventures #100, was reprinted in A Smithsonian Book of Comic-Book Comics, while a story from Captain Marvel Adventures #1 was reprinted in Shazam!: The Golden Age of the World’s Mightiest Mortal.

Whether you call him Captain Marvel or Shazam, “The Big Red Cheese” is one of the best and most appealing superheroes of all time.

Copyright 2019 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: More thoughts on the DC multiverse and the Elseworlds crossover

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Heroes from three worlds

One thing I like about the CW “Arrowverse” is that the producers of Arrow, Flash, Supergirl and Legends of Tomorrow decided to incorporate, with some changes, the old DC Comics multiverse when it would have been easy enough to just have all the shows take place in the same television universe.

Sure, it’d be harder to explain, in-universe, why Supergirl doesn’t show up in either Star City or Central City more often, but then but by that same logic we’d have to wonder why the Flash can’t take a few minutes out of his day to help out in Star City.

Anyway, as I’ve said before, my first encounter with the DC multiverse was in 1979 when I read Adventures Comics #462 in which the original (Earth-2) Batman died.

To the best of my recollection, I next encountered the “golden age” heroes of Earth-2 in 1981, in a three-part storyline in Justice League of America #s 195-197 in which the JLA of Earth-1 once again teamed up with the Justice Society of America of Earth-2.

I thought I’d revisit it.

The Earth-1 villains Killer Frost, Signalman, Cheetah and the Floronic Man join forces with the Earth-2 villains the Monocle, Psycho Pirate, Rag Doll, the Mist and Brainwave— all led by the Ultra-Humanite— to defeat the JLA members Atom, Batman, Black Canary, Firestorm and Wonder Woman and JSA members Flash, Hawkman, Hourman, Johnny Thunder and Superman.

Ultra has a plan that centers around the elimination of those 10 heroes from the multiverse.

Ultra-Humanite explains his plan

The Ultra-Humanite explains his plan.

There’s no chance he could be lying, is there?

Of course he is. He knows full well the Earth-2 heroes will vanish. When the Earth-1 villains realize they’ve been tricked, they’re not at all happy. They might even go so far as to free the imprisoned heroes.

Trying to free the heroes

Trying to free the heroes.

Or at least try.

The Ultra-Humanite, who first appeared in Action Comics #13 in 1939, is a recurring foe of the Earth-2 Superman who’s transferred his brain into multiple bodies over the years. At this point, it occupies a huge, white gorilla.

In his first appearance, the Ultra-Humanite was depicted as a bald (or balding, depending on how he was drawn) genius. More on that in a bit.

But first, why do the heroes and villains of the 30s and 40s, the original ones from a publishing point of view, live on Earth-2?

In DC Comics Presents Annual #1 (1982), Lex Luthor of Earth 1 and Alexi Luthor of Earth 2 join forces. At one point, they travel to Earth 3, where the analogues of all the heroes are villains. Lex explains who they are and where they’re from to Ultraman, the analogue of Superman on that Earth.

Lex Luthor explains the multiverse to Ultraman

Lex Luthor explains the multiverse to Ultraman.

In the comics, the Earth-1 Flash, Barry Allen, accidentally crossed the dimensional barrier and met Jay Garrick, thus Barry lives on Earth-1 and Jay on Earth-2 because of the order of discovery. By that same logic, since “Jay Garrick” crossed over from his Earth in the Flash TV series in season 2, shouldn’t his world actually be called Earth-1?

I get calling Supergirl’s home Earth-38 because Superman first appeared in 1938 (and without him she wouldn’t exist, either) and the Flash of the 1990 TV series coming from Earth-90, but it’s curious how various characters from different Earths all seem to agree that Barry, Oliver and the Legends live on Earth-1. Even Breacher (Danny Trejo) the bounty hunter father of Gypsy (Jessica Camacho), who has been aware of the multiverse for decades, calls the home of Team Flash Earth-1. From his point of view, shouldn’t his own world of Earth-19 have better claim to that title?

It’s a minor point, but I somewhat wish there’d be an in-universe explanation as to how pretty much everyone agrees that Earth-1 is Earth-1.

Of course, the real world explanation is that the action in most of the “Arrowverse” TV shows take place on that Earth.

On that note, I enjoyed the second and third parts of the “Elseworlds” trilogy from a few weeks ago. It would have been nice if there’d been a quiet moment for the Barry Allen of Earth-1 and the Barry Allen of Earth-90 to have a brief conversation, but it could still happen in next year’s “Crisis on Infinite Earths” storyline.

No, I don’t believe the Monitor killed the Earth-90 Flash. He disappeared in the same type of puff of smoke that teleported Supergirl a few feet. I think the Monitor just sent him far away.

It was amusing (and a bit meta) for Oliver to insist that Batman is a myth created by the Gotham City police department and to emphasize that he is the original vigilante. On the one hand, that’s true; Arrow was the first of these shows to air (which is why it’s called the Arrowverse), but in the comics Green Arrow was seen for years as a pale imitation of Batman.

I also liked seeing Supergirl and Batwoman work together, albeit briefly, and their mutual acknowledgement that a team up would be the worlds’ finest.

And it turns out John Diggle is a green lantern on Earth-90. Given how he’s handled so much else related to superheroes and metahumans, how would the Earth-1 Diggle react to receiving a power ring?

But getting back to the comics, I mentioned the Ultra-Humanite’s first appearance. This what he originally looked like:

Ultra-Humanite

The original Ultra-Humanite.

In his earliest appearances, Luthor had red hair. Later, he became bald, but once the multiverse was established, the Earth-2 Luthor retained his hair while the Earth-1 Luthor didn’t.

Lex Luthor and Alexi Luthor

Lex Luthor and Alexi Luthor.

It’s generally believed that an artist confused the Ultra-Humanite with Luthor and Lex suddenly lost his hair. As you can see, there is a bit of a resemblance.

In his 2001 Elseworlds story Superman & Batman: Generations II, writer and artist John Byrne established that the man Superman thought was Lex Luthor was really the Ultra Humanite in Luthor’s body, essentially making the two characters the same.

That tale, and the one before it, imagined Superman and Batman appearing on the scene in 1938 and 1939, respectively and aging in real time.

I’ve always enjoyed the DC multiverse and am glad it lives on in TV’s “Arrowverse.”

Copyright 2018 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: Thoughts on “Who is Donna Troy?”

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Who is Donna Troy

In the 1980s, The New Teen Titans was one of the most popular books being published by DC Comics. It’s popularity (for me, at least) was due to the fact that there was more to the book than just super powered derring-do.

As I’ve said before, Marv Wolfman and George Perez (co-creators and writer and artist, respectively) made the Titans (and their supporting cast) come across as relatable, three dimensional people. Many of them just happened to have special abilities.

Because we got stories about people (who happened to have super powers), we also got character pieces like “Who is Donna Troy?”, cover dated January 1984. Plotted by Wolfman and Perez, inked by Romeo Tanghal and edited by the late, great Len Wein, the story finds Robin (Dick Grayson), leader of the Titans, investigating the past of one of his closest friends, Donna Troy (Wonder Girl) at the behest of her fiancé, Terry Long.

Long tells Robin that Troy, who was rescued from a burning building as a toddler by Wonder Woman, has been trying to find out the identity of her real parents.

Where did the surname Troy come from? My understanding is that back in the 1960s incarnation of Teen Titans, Wonder Girl, who grew up on Paradise Island, just came up with the name “Donna Troy” as a civilian identity.

“She feels it would make a difference in our marriage, but it wouldn’t change anything for me,” Long says. “I’d love her no matter what.”

Still, knowing how important it is to her, he asks Robin to investigate. He agrees, so long as Troy is okay with it (Long knows that Troy is Wonder Girl, but not the identity of her coworkers, which is why he approaches Robin and not Dick Grayson). Troy tells Robin it’s not worth his time, since she’s turned up nothing in her own investigations, but agrees. She relates what little she remembers from her rescue and says Wonder Woman tried to find out who she was, but reached a dead end. Apparently the apartment Troy had been in wasn’t rented and no one lived there, according to the landlord at the time.

Robin and Wonder Girl start by investigating what remains of the apartment building. Using blueprints he got from City Hall, Robin finds a box in a coal bin. Inside, he finds a scorched doll.

Donna's doll

Wonder girl discovers an important part of her past.

Troy can’t remember where or when she’s seen the doll, but hugs it and cries.

A visit to the landlord’s widow turns up a dead end. Troy is ready to give up, but Grayson (who’s doing this as an engagement gift) isn’t. He works on identifying scraps of fabric found in the box. After several hours, a computer program comes up with the phrase “Hello, my name is Donna.”

Work on the doll turned up the name of an “Uncle Max” in Newport News, VA. Grayson goes there and finds Max. He repaired the doll, along with several others, free of charge, for a Mrs. Cassidy, who ran an orphanage (he signed the dolls “Uncle Max” so the kids felt there was someone who cared). He also reveals that the orphanage was closed about 15 years earlier due to a child slavery scandal.

Cassidy was found innocent, while her lawyer was sent to prison. Grayson’s search for her leads to a nursing home in Florida. He arranges to go down there with Troy. She’s nervous about meeting someone who knew her from before the fire.

Meeting Mrs Cassidy

Donna Troy and Dick Grayson meet with Mrs. Cassidy.

The head of the nursing home reveals that Cassidy hasn’t spoken a full sentence since she arrived a decade earlier. However, seeing the doll snaps her out of it. She reveals that Troy’s birth mother (who gave her the doll) was dying of cancer and gave her daughter up for adoption. A couple named Stacey adopted the baby. Troy says the name rings a bell.

Troy is ecstatic at having learned about her past, but Grayson wonders why Mr. and Mrs. Stacey died in a room that wasn’t rented. Still, the case would seem to be solved.

Back in Newport News, Troy insists on driving through town and down a certain street. She stops in front of a particular house, which she recognizes as her childhood home.

She also makes another realization.

Meeting the family

Donna Troy is reunited with her adoptive mother.

Fay Stacey, now Fay Evans, reveals that after her first husband died, she had no money and few skills. She also says the attorney associated with the orphanage told her the state wouldn’t let her keep Donna if she was bankrupt. She agreed to give Donna up to another couple who could support her.

With these revelations, Troy remembers this other couple, who she says weren’t nice to her. She also realizes they’re the ones who died in the fire.

Grayson leaves Troy to reconnect with her lost family and to get answers to a few lingering questions. As Robin, he visits the attorney in prison and encourages his cooperation by suggesting word could leak out that the man is a stoolie, if he doesn’t. The man reveals that the other couple hadn’t adopted the baby, just posed as her real parents until she could be sold.

At the climax of the story, Troy leaves a wreath at the grave of her birth mother, Dorothy Hinckley, and Grayson presents her with her doll, restored to new condition by “Uncle Max.”

“Who is Donna Troy?” is a moving story that both Wolman and Perez have cited as being among their favorites.

Interviewed in The Titans Companion (page 107), Wolfman said “Who is Donna Troy” is one of his favorite stories because it’s such a small and personal one.

On page 121, Perez said he and Wolfman put their personal stamp on the story.

“It was just a labor of love,” he said. “We absolutely knew we had a strong story there, and since fans had been wondering about Donna Troy, it was something that we knew fans wanted to see.”

In subsequent years, Donna Troy’s origin would be changed (to varying degrees) as a result of various DC Comics reboots, but “Who is Donna Troy?” remains a high point of The New Teen Titans and one of the reasons that book was such a success.

Copyright 2017 Patrick Keating.

 

Random Musings: Why the 1990 and current Flash series are part of the same multiverse

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the-flash-of-1990

The Flash of 1990.

It occurs to me that the existence of multiple Earths introduced in The Flash allows the 1990 Flash series to be part of the same multiverse as the 2014-present Flash series.

How so?

In the 1990 series, John Wesley Shipp played Barry Allen (AKA The Flash). In the current series, Grant Gustin plays Barry and Shipp portrayed Barry’s father, Henry. However, we don’t know whether he’s Henry junior. In the 1990 series, Barry also had a father named Henry (played by (M. Emmet Walsh). I don’t recall any mention of Barry’s grandparents in the present Flash series, so the Earth One Barry’s grandfather could be the doppelganger of the Earth 90’s— let’s call it (for 1990)— Barry’s father.

So, in 1955 (assuming Henry Allen is the same age as John Wesley Shipp) the Allen families of both Earth One and Earth 90 welcomed a baby boy. On Earth One, they name him Henry; On Earth 90, they name him Barry. For whatever reason, Henry went into medicine while Barry followed his father into police work.

barry-hit-by-lightning

Barry hit by lightning.

But wait, you say, there are various differences in the two shows. The 1990 series had STAR labs, but it wasn’t the source of a particle accelerator explosion that gave Barry his powers; he got them when he was doused by electrified chemicals, as in the comics. Also, the Central City of the 1990s series had a very stylized, 1950s look, considerably different from the Central City of the present series. What about those difference?

First, how a city is laid out isn’t necessarily going to affect one particular family that lives there (and who knows how many generations of the Allen family have lived in the city?) and second, it’s not outside the realm of possibility that different people on different Earths (and in different generations) could come up with the name STAR Labs. Maybe on Earth 90, it was built by someone with the last name of Star.

tina-mcgee-and-barry-allen

Tina McGee and Barry Allen.

Another connection is Dr. Tina McGee. Amanda Pays has played a woman by that name in both series. The Earth One McGee could easily be the doppelganger of the Earth 90 one. On Earth 90, Tina McGee was employed at STAR Labs, established (let’s say) by Mr. or Ms. Star. On Earth One, Star was never born, never lived in Central City or went into a different line of work, so it wasn’t until decades later that a different incarnation of STAR Labs came along, established by Harrison Wells and Tess Morgan. By which time, the Tina McGee of Earth One would have found employment elsewhere, eventually ending up at Mercury Labs.

tina-mcgee-and-the-flash

Tina McGee and the Flash.

Shipp himself provides still another connection. In the current series, he also plays Jay Garrick, the Flash of Earth Three. And one of his adversaries, seen in the mid-season finale this year, is the Trickster (Mark Hamill), who could very well be the doppelganger of the Trickster fought by the Flash of Earth 90.

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Barry Allen and Jay Garrick.

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Jay Garrick and the Trickster.

Hamill also plays the Trickster on Earth One in the current series, with clips from the original show showing him in his prime, suggesting the Earth One and Earth 90 Tricksters had similar careers, except the former didn’t have a Flash to fight in 1990.

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Henry Allen and the Flash.

Henry Allen of Earth One told Barry that Henry’s mother’s maiden name was Garrick, while the Barry Allen of Earth 90 had an older brother named Jay (Tim Thomerson). Maybe Mrs. Allen’s father’s name was Jay. On Earth 90, the Allens named their elder son Jay; on Earth Three, Ms. Garrick was a single mother who named her son after her father; and on Earth One, Henry Allen either has the middle name of Jay or has a brother or cousin named Jay.

It’s implied that Jay Garrick has been the Flash for years. If he’s still active, maybe the Barry Allen of Earth 90 is still racing around on his Earth.

The Barry Allen of Earth One should never meet the Barry Allen of Earth 90 on screen (having John Wesley Shipp play both Henry Allen and Jay Garrick are sufficient nods to the old show), but there’s significant, if circumstantial, evidence the 1990s Barry Allen is still running around out there.

There’s also historical precedence. The multiverse was originally established to explain why DC superheroes hadn’t aged over the decades. It’s because the “Golden Age” incarnations of The Flash, et al. lived in a separate universe from their “Silver Age” counterparts and were also a generation older.

Copyright 2016 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: A look back at the Vigilante

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vigilante

Last night’s episode of Arrow introduced the Vigilante, a man who, unlike the Green Arrow, seems to believe the only good criminal is a dead one. He also doesn’t care about innocent people caught in the crossfire, calling them “collateral damage.”

The character of Vigilante first appeared in the pages of New Teen Titans in 1982 before spinning off into his own eponymous title, published between 1983 and 1987. This time, I’m going to talk about that DC Comics series, which painted a realistic picture of what happens when someone takes the law into their own hands.

Adrian Chase was a crusading Manhattan district attorney who frequently crossed paths with the Titans. He was frustrated by the number of criminals who went free due to legal technicalities. After a bomb blast meant for him killed his family, Chase donned a black costume, put on a mask and became the Vigilante (in New Teen Titans Annual #2, 1983).

At first, Vigilante went after those criminals who were obviously guilty, but had been freed on technicalities. From the very beginning, however, Chase had doubts about what right he had to take the law into his own hands. In the second issue, he nearly killed an innocent man. Later, when he became a judge, Chase decided he couldn’t continue to live outside the law.

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Vigilante attacks an innocent man.

Adrian Chase gave up being Vigilante, but Vigilante refused to die. Soon, another man was wearing the costume. Unlike Chase, however, this man went on a bloody rampage. That’s exactly what would happen in real life. If any of us, for whatever reason, adopted a costumed identity and took the law into our own hands, someone else would be more than wiling to carry the torch after we’d given it up. And who knows how extreme they’d be by comparison?

Although he had the best of intentions when he began his career as Vigilante, Adrian Chase was indirectly responsible for loosing a madman on the city. He hunted the man down and was forced to shoot him in self defense. Only then, to his horror, did Chase discover that “Psycho Vig”, as readers liked to call him, was his best friend, Judge Alan Welles.

Welles had suffered a nervous breakdown and had been unfortunate enough to see Chase throw away the Vigilante costume. He took his presence at that significant event as a sign that he was meant to carry on Chase’s work.

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Adrian Chase confronts Alan Welles.

Chase now had to deal with the death of his best friend, for which he’d later be brought to trial, as well as the realization that his example contributed to Welles’ madness. On top of that, Vigilante was back. This time, the man behind the mask was Dave Winston, Chase’s idealistic bailiff, who’d witnessed the confrontation between Chase and Welles. Winston revealed himself to Chase and told him he believed Chase’s original intentions were good. However, Chase tried to convince him that he’d been wrong to start the whole thing in the first place.

Winston wouldn’t listen. He felt certain he had the answers. However, he made the mistake of underestimating another man and ended up dead.

That was the last straw as far as Chase was concerned. He once again became the Vigilante, but his sanity was slipping. He felt that the only way to keep the people close to him from dying was to remain Vigilante. From that point on, his world quickly collapsed. While fighting Dave Winston’s killer, he was unmasked on live television, forcing him to give up his old life.

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Adrian Chase becomes Vigilante again.

Later, a government agency he’d unwittingly crossed paths with gave him a new identity. For a short while, it looked as if things were returning to normal. But that was just a facade. Adrian Chase, overwhelmed by guilt over the deaths of his family and friends, committed suicide.

Some of you are no doubt asking, “What kind of role model is that?” He wasn’t a role model. That’s the whole point. Adrian Chase was a man who meant well, but in the end caused more grief and suffering than he prevented. What’s more, his suicide didn’t guarantee the end of Vigilante (a woman would later assume that identity); it merely ended his awareness of the problem.

Throughout its 50-issue run, Vigilante explored several controversial issues, ranging from capital punishment to gun control to (obviously) vigilante justice. The various issues were not only explored in the stories but also in the letters from readers. Whatever your political persuasion, Vigilante gave you food for thought.

The book wasn’t without its problems, however. Some of the storylines haven’t aged very well and some of the legal arguments in various storylines had major real-world flaws, based on some articles I’ve subsequently read. But despite those shortcomings, Vigilante at least attempted to show the consequences of people taking the law into their own hands.

In Arrow, Star City District Attorney Adrian Chase was introduced earlier this season and a rhetorical comment by Chase in last night’s episode implies he is the Vigilante of the TV series. He probably is, but given that superhero-based TV shows have made changes from the source material in the past, it could be misdirection.

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Green Arrow confronts Vigilante.

If Chase is the Vigilante of Arrow, it’ll be interesting to see how the Green Arrow will react if he succeeds in actually unmasking the Vigilante, something he failed to do in last night’s episode, despite having temporarily immobilized him. Likewise, the reverse. You see, unlike the Green Arrow and the Vigilante, D.A. Chase and Mayor Oliver Queen have a good working relationship.

So far, the Vigilante of Arrow seems more like Alan Welles in temperament than either Adrian Chase or Dave Winston (neither of them viewed innocents as collateral damage). It’ll be interesting to see why the TV version of Vigilante seems more extreme than his comics counterpart.

Copyright 2016 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: A review of Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox

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Flashpoint paradox

Last week’s season finale of The Flash ended with Barry Allen (Grant Gustin) going back in time and preventing his mother’s murder at the hands of the Reverse Flash. The implication is that season three will be similar to a 2011 DC Comics storyline called Flashpoint.

Any adaptation of Flashpoint next season will, of necessity, be on a smaller scale than in the comics, because only a handful of DC’s characters have been introduced— or even mentioned. In short, don’t expect the appearance of certain “flying mouse” from Gotham City.

However, DC Entertainment did release an animated movie inspired by Flashpoint in 2013: Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox.

Before we get to that, a few comments about The Flash. As I’d predicted, Zoom’s (Teddy Sears) prisoner was the real Jay Garrick. I also thought it was fitting and proper that he was portrayed by John Wesley Shipp, the original TV Flash from the 1990 series.

Real Jay Garrick

The real Jay Garrick.

Shipp also played Barry’s father, Henry. I’m sure some people feel it’s too coincidental that Jay should be Henry Allen’s alternate universe doppelganger, but Shipp was still the most appropriate actor for the part.

Speaking of other universes, it’s somewhat apropos that Supergirl lives on an alternate Earth, because the characters’ roots trace to separate, but related, companies. In 1938, the company we now know as DC Comics introduced Superman in Action Comics #1 (Supergirl would debut 21 years later in Action Comics #252). In 1940, the (Jay Garrick) Flash debuted in the anthology Flash Comics (along with Hawkman), published by All American Comics.

Granted that by the time Barry Allen debuted in Showcase #4 in 1956, DC and All American had merged, but he would never have existed if not for Jay Garrick. So Barry’s roots trace to All American Comics.

Ironically, Green Arrow, who does share the same TV universe with The Flash, was part of a separate comics universe (first appearing in DC’s More Fun Comics #73 in 1941).

The connection between the two companies is that Jack Liebowitz was a partner in both.

Two weeks ago, Zoom, who’d been impersonating Jay and feigning friendship with Barry and his allies for the first part of the season, killed Henry in front of Barry in a re-creation of his mother’s murder. But Barry’s time-traveling actions could mean Shipp (and Henry) might be back next year. As might be Michelle Harrison, who played Barry’s mother.

Or it could turn out Nora Allen got hit by a bus days after the failed attack. Time travel always has unexpected consequences.

Whatever Flashpoint-style direction The Flash takes next season, I’m sure Barry’s decision is going to go all “Monkey’s Paw” on him. It certainly did in the animated film.

At his mother’s grave, Barry Allen (Justin Chambers) still feels guilty about not preventing her murder when he was a child, telling his wife, Iris (Jennifer Hale), that if he’d just run a little faster that day, he could have been there. Iris tells him there’s nothing he could have done.

A short time later, the Flash, with the help of the Justice League, stops Eobard Thawne, the Reverse Flash (C. Thomas Howell), from destroying the Flash Museum (and most of Central City). Thawne reminds the Flash that he can’t save everyone.

“Not the ones that matter to you.”

Reverse Flash mocks the Flash

Reverse Flash mocks the Flash.

When Batman (Kevin Conroy) asks if everything’s all right, Flash says it’s nothing he can’t run off.

And he does just that.

After the opening credits, Barry wakes up at his desk, surprised to discover that Captain Cold (Danny Jacobs) is a hero, “Citizen Cold”, battling Captain Boomerang outside the “Cold Museum.”

(By the way, speaking of alternate timelines and parallel universes, we learned in The Flash that “Mayor Snart” is in charge of Earth 2’s Central City. Some people assume that’s Leonard Snart, Captain Cold on Earth 1. Maybe, but why couldn’t it be his sister, Lisa?)

Barry is confused by the fact that he’s lost his speed and even more confused when he encounters his very-much-alive mother.

That’s the good news.

The bad and the worse news is that the world is ending. One-time allies Aquaman (Cary Elwes) and Wonder Woman (Vanessa Marshall) are now deadly enemies— as are Atlantis and Themyscira, home of the Amazons. What’s more, their war killed more than 132 million people when Atlantis sank Western Europe and the Amazons invaded Great Britain.

Aquaman vs Wonder Woman

Aquaman vs. Wonder Woman.

In this reality, Thomas Wayne (Kevin McKidd) became Batman after the death of his son, Bruce— and the loss of his wife, Martha, in a robbery years ago. This incarnation of Batman is a violent alcoholic who’s more than willing to kill.

Cyborg (Michael B. Jordan) tries to recruit Batman— the best tactician on the planet— to join a team of super-powered individuals fighting to stop Aquaman and Wonder Woman.

Barry, meanwhile, is trying to understand how his mother is alive and his wife is married to someone else. Seeking answers, he drives to Gotham City and Wayne Manor, only to discover an empty husk. In the Batcave, he encounters a very angry Thomas Wayne who doesn’t appreciate this stranger’s casual use of his son’s name.

Somehow Barry still has his ring, but when he ejects his Flash uniform to prove he’s telling the truth, Thawne’s uniform emerges instead. Barry concludes that Thawne did something to change the past and left his uniform as a mocking “calling card.”

Barry and the Thomas Wayne Batman

Barry and Thomas Wayne.

He seeks Batman’s help in recreating the accident that gave him his powers and begins to “remember” the events of the new timeline. In a series of flashbacks, we learn that Aquaman and Wonder Woman had been lovers— until she’d killed Aquaman’s furious wife, Mera, when the latter confronted her.

We also see an enraged Thomas Wayne beating the mugger who’d killed Bruce, while Martha Wayne had a much different reaction.

In the present, in London, someone who can move extremely fast saves Lois Lane (Dana Delany) from Amazon warriors.

Barry is successful in restoring his speed, but he can’t run fast enough to break the time barrier.

He does, however, convince Batman to join Cyborg’s team. En route to London, Batman shows Barry a transmission from Lois Lane that depicts a yellow blur. Barry realizes it’s the Reverse Flash and both men wonder why Thawne let himself be seen, much less helped Lois.

In London, Thawne reveals himself, telling Barry he let Lois see him because it would draw Barry to him.

He also says he didn’t alter history; Barry did.

“Think, Barry. Isn’t there some little thing, some little good deed you might have done?”

“I saved someone.”

“Yes.”

Barry begins to remember. “I saved her. I saved Mom.”

“That’s right.”

Barry says it wouldn’t have changed events that happened before her murder, such as the deaths of Thomas and Martha Wayne and Superman’s arrival (his ship crashed in Metropolis and he was imprisoned by the government). However, Thawne replies that it did.

“Break the sound barrier and there’s a sonic boom,” he says. “You broke the time barrier, Flash. Time boom. Ripples of distortion radiated out through that point of impact, shifting everything just a tiny bit. But enough. Enough for events to happen slightly differently.”

“I just wanted to save her.”

Thawne mocks Barry, saying he didn’t save JFK, but instead saved his Mommy.

“And in a supreme act of selfishness, shattered history like a rank amateur,” he says. “Turned the world into a living hell moments away from destruction. And I’m the villain?”

As nuclear Armageddon begins, a mortally wounded Batman kills Thawne, giving the Flash full access to the Speed Force. He gives Barry a letter to Bruce and tells him to run.

Barry stops his younger self

Barry stops his younger self.

Barry stops his younger self from changing history and wakes up in his office to find everything restored to normal.

At his mother’s grave, he tells her he finally understands the serenity prayer she’d tried to explain to him as a boy.

The murder of Nora Allen is a relatively new bit of Flash history, first introduced in Flash: Rebirth in 2006. However, her death in Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox happens under slightly different circumstances than in the comics. For one, Henry Allen isn’t blamed; he’s not even mentioned, leaving viewers to assume Nora had raised Barry alone.

The movie is something of a mixed bag. I liked the basic story and the ironic idea that Barry’s efforts to change things for the better only made them much worse. I also liked that Bruce Wayne was able to read a letter from his father, thanks to Barry.

On the other hand, we’re never told whether Aquaman and Wonder Woman had once been heroes in this alternate reality. Granted, an 81 minute movie can’t cover everything in a comics series, but it would have been nice to have gotten a better idea of how the two antagonists had interacted with the rest of the world before their war.

It’s also extremely violent (in one scene, Wonder Woman holds up Mera’s severed head), with a fair amount of blood spilled, so you might not want to let young kids watch it.

Overall, though, it’s an entertaining film.

Copyright 2016 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: The Starman omnibus is comics in top form

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Starman Omnibus

Recommended reading: The Starman Omnibus (DC Comics) by James Robinson (writer), Tony Harris and Peter Snejbjerg (pencillers) and Wade Von Grawbadger (inker). Originally published in single magazine form beginning in 1994, The Starman Omnibus comprises six hardcover volumes, collecting all 80 issues of the series Starman, plus various ancillary material.

Starman tells the story of Jack Knight, son of Golden Age Starman Ted Knight, who finds himself taking on the mantle of Opal City’s resident protector, following the murder of his brother, David.

Except, Jack, unlike David, has no desire to play superhero (or any other kind of hero), much less wear his father’s old costume. However, he reluctantly agrees to be Opal City’s protector, though he won’t wear a costume. The closest he comes is a dark jacket and a pair of World War II-era goggles.

Jack Knight

Jack Knight in action.

And just as Jack isn’t a traditional superhero, his adventures aren’t always traditional superhero fare, either.

Over the course of this series, Jack, who, given his druthers, would prefer tending to his “day job” as a dealer in second-hand collectibles, continually proves his mettle as a hero. For example, at the request of his girlfriend, Sadie, Jack ventures into space, following the slimmest of clues in an attempt to find her brother, Will Payton, a previous holder of the Starman mantle. The world believes Payton is dead, but Jack is willing to gamble that he’s not.

This wasn’t a “universe in peril” situation or a race to find this, that or the other important person, place or thing needed in order to save the day. This was Jack taking months away from his job, his friends and his planet to do a favor for his girlfriend.

Starman was very much a character-driven series. Over the course of its run, we see the ongoing relationship— and growing mutual respect— between Jack and his father, as well as Jack’s (and others’) relationship with immortal one-time (though not entirely reformed) villain The Shade.

In the occasional “talking with David” tales, Jack has conversations with his late brother, which eventually leads to a degree of camaraderie they didn’t have when David was still alive.

Other characters occasionally talked with David, but for the most part it was Jack.

One thing I like about Starman is that it tells a complete story. Like Neil Gaiman’s Sandman, the story of Jack Knight— who never set out to be a hero and who eschewed his father’s costume in favor of his own look— reaches a definite conclusion. Both series had a single writer throughout, allowing for the realization of a consistent vision. It doesn’t always work out that way in comics. Sometimes a creative team only stays for a handful of issues. In fact, in his afterward to volume 5, Robinson writes that he’d seriously considered leaving the book at the point when Jack Knight went into space, seeing it as the perfect jumping off point for himself and jumping on point for someone else.

He didn’t, in part because he still had the climactic saga, “Grand Guignol”, planned out, “more or less.”

To my way of thinking, the longer a creative team (or at least the writer) stays on a title, the better. It creates a strong sense of continuity. Of course a writer who stays on a title too long might fall into a rut, which is one argument for letting a series come to a conclusion. But that’s another matter.

Other series with a single writer (barring the occasional fill-in issue) include Supergirl by Peter David and various artists, which I discussed last fall; Peter David’s 12-year run on The Incredible Hulk and Marv Wolfman’s 16-year run on New Teen Titans/Tales of the Teen Titans/New Titans (the first four years of which were in partnership with penciller and co-creator George Perez).

Granted, Starman was different in that it had a definite conclusion, while these other titles were either canceled (and had rushed “conclusions”) or switched creative teams, but in all of the above cases there was a strong narrative thread.

Another plus about Starman is that it had a rich supporting cast. These include the O’Dare family, all police officers. One of them, Matt, was on the take, until he discovered he was the reincarnation of 19th century lawman Brian Savage. Over the course of the series, he works to redeem himself, with the Shade’s help.

And then there’s The Shade. Throughout the series, both the prose stories called “The Shade’s Journal” and some of the “Times Past” storylines revealed more about his history and his past life in Opal.

And, of course, there’s Ted Knight, the late David Knight, Mikaal Tomas, Will Payton and others who’ve operated under the “Starman” name over the course of DC Comics’ long history. Each played a role in Jack’s life in one way or another. Just as Jack himself would influence Starmen (and at least one woman) to follow.

Jack Knight is one of DC’s “legacy” heroes, those who picked up where a previous holder of a heroic identity left off. Another example is Wally West, who succeeded Barry Allen as the Flash. These “legacy” heroes have contributed to DC’s rich sense of history. That’s one reason why, if DC ever launches a new Starman series— perhaps as part of its upcoming DC Universe Rebirth project— it need not bring back Jack Knight, but can pass the mantle to someone else. He’s had his turn with the Cosmic Rod. His story’s been told.

And that story is a very good read.

Copyright 2016 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: In Preacher, humans seek an accounting from God

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Preacher

Rev. Jesse Custer is a small town minister who never wanted the job. But his will was broken by the sick and twisted machinations of his Gran’ma and he went into the family business.

Then one day, Genesis, the offspring of the unprecedented and forbidden coupling of an angel and a demon, escapes from Heaven and merges with Jesse, destroying the small town of Annville, Texas in the process. From that point on, Jesse can literally speak the word of God. Anything he says in that voice— anything— must be obeyed.

When Jesse learns that God has left Heaven, he decides to track Him down and make Him account for Himself. Accompanying him in this endeavor are his girlfriend, Tulip O’Hare, and the Irish vampire Cassidy.

That, in a nutshell, is the premise of Preacher by Garth Ennis and Steve Dillon, which was published by DC Comics’ Vertigo imprint in 66 issues (plus ancillary specials) between 1995 and 2000. The entire saga has been collected in nine volumes.

Of course, even with the power to command anyone (well, anyone who can understand English), Jesse’s not going to have an easy time of it. Heaven wants Genesis back and has sent the unstoppable Saint of Killers— whose hatred shut down the fires of Hell when he arrived there and who killed the Devil himself— to kill Jesse. What’s more, Herr Starr, an ambitious member of The Grail— a secret organization dating back to the crucifixion— intends that Jesse should be their new Messiah, whether Jesse likes it or not.

And it’s not always smooth sailing with either Tulip or Cassidy, either.

If Preacher were a movie, it would be rated R. There’s a great deal of both sex and violence; and while some of it is gratuitous, some of it reaches almost absurdist levels. The indignities hoisted upon Herr Starr are prime examples of that absurdity.

It’s also a great read; and the characters are very human. As a young man, Jesse stole cars with Tulip. He also drinks, swears and smokes too much. And his— if you will— spiritual advisor appears to be the spirit of John Wayne.

Jesse has a strong sense of right and wrong and doesn’t use his “powers” for personal gain. He tells Cassidy that he intends to make God face up to his responsibilities; and that if he uses his gift to lord it over people (or get suites at the Ritz Carlton), who would he be to talk about responsibility.

Tulip is strong-willed, a crack shot with a gun and was briefly employed as a hitwoman.

Cassidy prefers alcohol to blood and is more or less a fun guy; but he also engages in self destructive behavior that often takes others down with him.

The tragic turn The Saint of Killers’ life took— the one that led him to damn himself— was orchestrated by God Himself. So the Saint wants words with God, too.

Preacher also has some genuinely funny moments. In one storyline, Cassidy meets a relatively new vampire in New Orleans who embraces the Bram Stoker model. He sleeps in a coffin, only drinks blood and believes vampires should remain apart from humans (except when feeding). That’s a bit too much for the hedonistic Cassidy, who ignores his soliloquizing companion to join a rowdy crowd.

If you’re easily offended, you probably won’t like Preacher. But if you’re not easily offended or if you’re willing to look past the parts of it that do offend you, you might like it after all.

Copyright 2015 Patrick Keating.

Random Musings: Crisis on Infinite Earths— a 30 year retrospective

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Crisis on Infinite Earths #1

In 1985, DC Comics commemorated its 50th anniversary by publishing the 12-issue maxi-series Crisis on Infinite Earths, which not only changed the DC Universe, but comics in general.

The house ads proclaimed “world will live, worlds will die and the DC Universe will never be the same.” They weren’t kidding. Crisis, written by Marv Wolfman and penciled by George Perez, “rebooted” the DC multiverse into a single universe. This multiverse consisted of the following Earths (among others I might have overlooked):

Earth 1 (home of the then-“modern-day” versions of DC’s heroes and villains).

Earth 2 (home of the “golden age” (1930s and 40s) versions of same).

Earth 3 (where analogues of Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, the Flash and Wonder Woman were villains known as the Crime Syndicate and Lex Luthor was the world’s sole hero).

Earth 4 (home of characters originally published by Charlton Comics, including the Blue Beetle, the Question and Captain Atom).

Earth S (for Shazam. Home of the characters originally published by Fawcett Comics, including Captain Marvel, Captain Marvel, Jr., Mary Marvel and other members of the “Marvel family.”).

Earth X (home of characters originally published by Quality Comics, including Uncle Sam and the Freedom Fighters).

The idea of the multiverse began with Flash #123 (Sept. 1961), when the “modern day” Flash, Barry Allen, accidentally crossed into another universe and met Jay Garrick, who’d operated as the Flash in the 1940s.

Barry Allen meets Jay Garrick.

Barry Allen meets Jay Garrick.

Jay debuted in Flash Comics #1 in 1940. Barry kicked off the “silver age” of comics with his debut in Showcase #4 in Oct. 1956.

In a letter to readers in Crisis #1, Wolfman wrote that DC mythology had become convoluted, with all those multiple Earths causing confusion among writers and editors because they couldn’t always keep straight “who lived where and when.”

He had some valid points, though I never had any trouble understanding the difference between a story set on Earth 1 and one set on Earth 2 (the two Earths most often seen in DC Comics at the time). My first exposure to the multiverse came in 1979 when I bought Adventure Comics #462, which featured the death of the Earth 2 Batman.

Adventure Comics #462

No, he never got better. He didn’t need to; his “modern day” Earth 1 counterpart was still alive and well.

For years, team-ups between Earth 1’s Justice League of America and Earth 2’s Justice Society of America were a regular occurrence, including this issue of Justice League of America.

The Justice League and Justice Society team up.

The Justice League and Justice Society team up.

In Crisis #1, a wave of anti-matter destroys Earth 3. In a parallel to Superman’s departure from Krypton in Action Comics #1, Lex Luthor and his wife, Lois Lane, send their son, Alexander, to Earth 1.

Alexander Luthor is sent to safety.

Alexander Luthor is sent to safety.

An individual called the Monitor, who’d been a shadowy background figure in Wolfman and Perez’s New Teen Titans, is “recruiting” various heroes and villains from the past, present and future of different Earths to band together to halt the anti-matter destroying universe after universe.

The Monitor explains himself.

The Monitor explains himself.

The Monitor is opposed by his anti-matter opposite, the Anti-Monitor, who seeks to destroy all positive matter.

As part of his plan to save the five remaining universes, the Monitor arranges to have the partially-merged Earths 1 and 2 placed in a “netherverse” in issue #5, removing them from immediate danger. However, past, present and future intersect.

Lois Lane and Tomahawk

People on one Earth can see events on the other, as if through a glass door. In one scene, a distraught elderly couple on Earth 2 glimpse their late daughter’s Earth 1 counterpart.

Eventually, Earths 4, X and S join with Earths 1 and 2 in the netherverse. But they continue to merge and still face annihilation.

A contingent of heroes cross into the anti-matter universe to battle the Anti-Monitor in Crisis #7. They won that battle, but at a great cost.

The death of Supergirl.

The death of Supergirl.

Kara Zor-El’s death was hardly a surprise, given that it was advertised on the cover.

Crisis on Infinite Earths #7

It’s a cover image that’s been the subject of several homages over the years, including this one:

Supergirl #79

Supergirl wasn’t the only hero to fall in battle. In issue #8, Barry Allen died destroying the Anti-Monitor’s anti-matter cannon.

The death of the Flash.

The death of the Flash.

In his introduction to the slip-cased hardcover edition of Crisis, published in 1998, Wolfman wrote that while he’s one of those who misses Kara, her death was a consequence of the decision to reboot Superman as Krypton’s sole survivor.

Elsewhere, he said he expected DC to eventually recreate a Supergirl character.

As to the Flash (whose death had been editorial fiat), Wolfman said he left a way to bring him back. In brief: Because the Flash was moving back in time as he was dying (he made fleeting appearances in early issues of Crisis), Wolfman reasoned that he might emerge from the time stream at some point, never knowing when it might close in on him again. Thus, he’d be living on borrowed time.

Other heroes who died in Crisis include Dove of Hawk and Dove; Lori Lemaris; Aquagirl; Kole of the Teen Titans and the Earth 2 Green Arrow, Robin and Huntress.

Some villains shuffled off this mortal coil, too.

Death of Alexi Luthor.

The death of Alexi Luthor.

The “final battle” took place on two “fronts.” Most of the heroes fought the Anti-Monitor at the dawn of time, where he planned to destroy all positive matter; while a group of villains traveled back a mere 10 billion years, seeking to prevent the accidental creation of both the multiverse and the anti-matter universe.

It was an interesting division of forces, given that when the multiverse was rebooted as a single universe in issue #11, only those who’d been at the dawn of time remembered that there had ever been a multiverse.

And some found themselves anachronisms in the rebooted universe.

The Earth 2 Helena Wayne and Dick Grayson realize the world no longer remembers them.

The Earth 2 Helena Wayne and Dick Grayson realize the world no longer remembers them.

Within the next few years, however, almost everyone forgot the multiverse (at least it stopped being mentioned in the books I was reading). I always imagined it as the result of a post-Crisis “aftershock” washing over the new DC Universe.

The “rebooted” universe combined elements of Earths 1, 2, 4, X and S. Jay Garrick still inspired Barry Allen, but they lived in twin cities rather than different universes.

It would have been easy for Crisis to have eliminated all that was old at DC, but to its credit the company didn’t do that. Except for those characters who had “present day” counterparts with the same “civilian names”, like Superman and Green Arrow, the “golden age” characters were more or less unchanged from their pre-Crisis versions.

Especially in the post-Crisis universe, DC has been good about creating “legacy” heroes, those who carry on in the name of those who have gone before. In Crisis #12, we see one example. Wally West, Kid Flash, steps into his mentor’s role.

Kid Flash becomes the Flash.

Kid Flash becomes the Flash.

He would go on to star in a long-running Flash series.

As to the original Superman, he and the original Lois lane went into a “paradise dimension” with Alex Luthor and the Superboy of Earth Prime (AKA “our” Earth. Yes, we all died in the Crisis, too; bummer).

Superman goes into a paradise dimension

In addition to a new Flash series (among others), the post-Crisis universe saw major changes to Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman.

Wolfman, who has said he wanted the heroes to have been in the own eras and not at the dawn of time when the universe rebooted (but was overruled), had suggested that every title restart with #1, which might have better illustrated that DC was starting fresh. It did happen in more recent years with DC’s latest “reboot”, known as the New 52 (I can’t say much about that since I’m not reading any of those titles).

Ironically, the multiverse has returned. In fact, a storyline in the Flash TV series involves Jay Garrick crossing over from Earth 2 and meeting Barry Allen. A scene in one episode emulates the cover of Flash #123.

Barry and Jay

Crisis was the first major “event” series published by either DC or its main rival, Marvel Comics. Both companies would subsequently publish “event” titles, usually starting in the summer, on a regular basis.

In his introduction to the hardcover edition, Wolfman wrote that Crisis existed in its pure form “only to bring DC back to an easy-to-read beginning before endless continuity took over. The idea was not to make comics accessible only to longtime fans, but to everyone.”

Crisis didn’t just breathe new life into certain corners of the DC universe in 1985; in my opinion, it’s the best of DC’s “event” titles.

Copyright 2015 Patrick Keating.